In the intricate tapestry of economic systems, capitalism often stands tall as a symbol of prosperity and progress. However, beneath its facade of opportunity lies a reality that many argue perpetuates wage slavery and despotism, particularly for the working class, or proletariat.
Understanding Wage Slavery:
Capitalism, as it operates today, requires individuals to sell their labor to those who own the means of production. This exchange is the essence of wage labor. While the promise is one of fair compensation, critics argue that in reality, it often leads to a form of economic servitude – wage slavery.
In this system, workers are compelled to sell their time and labor for wages, often dictated by employers. The lack of substantial ownership or control over the means of production leaves the working class dependent on these wages for survival. With limited alternatives, they become, in a sense, bound by economic chains to their employers.
Even the eight hour work day is antiquated when one understand the history of the proletariat plight for better working conditions. In may of 1886 a brave group of men and women, known as the Chicago anarchists, organized a strike. By the fourth day of the strike nearly all laborers in Chicago had joined the strike, this lead to the capitalists utilizing the government to frame and murder the leader of the strike. (Learn more by reading chapter 8 of What is communist anarchism by Alexander Berkman. https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/alexander-berkman-what-is-communist-anarchism)
The following is part of an interview by Albert R. Parsons printed in the Chicago Daily News, March 13, 1886 “The movement to reduce the work-hours is intended by its projectors to give a peaceful solution to the difficulties between the capitalists and laborers. I have always held that there were two ways to settle this trouble, either by peaceable means or violent methods. Reduced hours, or eight-hours, is the peace-offering. Fewer hours mean more pay. Reduced hours is the only measure of economic reform which consults the interests of the laborers as consumers. Now, this means a higher standard of living for the producers, which can only be acquired by possessing and consuming a larger share of their own product. This would diminish the profits of the labor exploiters.”
In the contemporary landscape, we witness individuals toiling away for extended periods—eight, ten, or even twelve hours—earning what can only be likened to Monopoly money, the USD, a currency devoid of intrinsic value. The laborer today is compelled to accept such compensation for their work, they have no choice but to accept this despotism. 1912 the proletariat advocated for a five hour work day. “Of course the eight-hour day is as antiquated as the craft unions themselves. Today, we should be agitating for a five-hour work day, or six at the most, but the IWW, I presume, has taken up the eight-hour cause on the principle that we must not get too far away from those we wish to influence or our labors are wasted.” The Eight-Hour Strike of 1886 by Lucy E. Parsons.
The Illusion of Freedom:
Proponents of capitalism often tout its emphasis on individual freedom. However, critics argue that for the proletariat, this freedom is an illusion. The ability to choose employers does not negate the fundamental power dynamic between capital owners and laborers. The disparity in wealth and resources translates into an uneven bargaining position, leaving the workers vulnerable to exploitation. Or in other words they have the freedom to choose who whips their backs.
Despotism in the Economic Realm:
Despotism, traditionally associated with political oppression, finds a new manifestation in economic despotism within capitalism. The concentration of economic power in the hands of a few – the bourgeoisie – enables them to influence and control societal structures, including legislation and policies. This can result in laws that favor capital accumulation, often at the expense of the working class.
For instance, minimal regulations on working conditions, limitations on labor movements, and the perpetuation of unequal access to resources can be seen as elements of economic despotism. The proletariat finds itself subject to rules and structures that are, at times, designed to maintain the status quo, restricting their ability to break free from the chains of wage slavery.
Moving Beyond Capitalist Chains:
Critics argue that alternatives to capitalism must be explored to emancipate the proletariat from wage slavery and economic despotism. Concepts like workers' self-management, cooperatives, and participatory economics envision a more equitable distribution of power and resources.
In the quest for economic systems that prioritize the well-being of all, conversations about capitalism's impact on the working class are essential. Understanding the intricacies of wage slavery and economic despotism provides a foundation for envisioning a future where freedom and equality are not mere illusions but tangible realities for every member of society. I will leave you with a final quote from Alexander Berkman's what is communist anarchism.
"It can be statistically proven that three hours’ work a day, at most, is sufficient to feed, shelter, and clothe the world and supply it not only with necessities but also with all modern comforts of life. The point is that not one man in five is to-day doing any productive work. The entire world is supported by a small minority of toilers.”